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Expedition 1 was the first long-duration stay on the International Space Station (ISS). The three-person crew stayed aboard the station for 136 days, from November 2000 to March 2001. It was the beginning of an uninterrupted human presence on the station which still continues, as of . Expedition 2, which also had three crew members, immediately followed Expedition 1. The official start of the expedition occurred when the crew docked to the station on 2 November 2000, aboard the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TM-31, which had launched two days earlier. During their mission, the Expedition 1 crew activated various systems on board the station, unpacked equipment that had been delivered, and hosted three visiting Space Shuttle crews and two unmanned Russian Progress resupply vehicles. The crew was very busy throughout the mission, which was declared a success. The three visiting Space Shuttles brought equipment, supplies, and key components of the space station. The first of these, STS-97, docked in early December 2000, and brought the first pair of large U.S. photovoltaic arrays, which increased the station's power capabilities fivefold.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=STS-97 Delivers Giant Solar Arrays to International Space Station )〕 The second visiting shuttle mission was STS-98, which was docked in mid-February 2001, delivered the US$1.4 billion research module ''Destiny'', which increased the mass of the station beyond that of ''Mir'' for the first time.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=STS-98 Delivers Destiny Lab to International Space Station )〕 Mid-March 2001 saw the final shuttle visit of the expedition, STS-102, whose main purpose was to exchange the Expedition 1 crew with the next three-person long-duration crew, Expedition 2.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=STS-102 Swaps International Space Station Crews )〕 The expedition ended when ''Discovery'' undocked from the station on 18 March 2001. The Expedition 1 crew consisted of an American commander and two Russians. The commander, Bill Shepherd, had been in space three times before, all on shuttle missions which lasted at most a week. The Russians, Yuri Gidzenko and Sergei K. Krikalev, both had previous long-duration spaceflights on ''Mir'', with Krikalev having spent over a full year in space.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cosmonaut Bio: Gidzenko )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cosmonaut Bio: Sergei Krikalev )〕〔 ==Crew== The commander, Bill Shepherd, was a former Navy SEAL, whose only spaceflights were on shuttle missions, and at the beginning of the mission his total time in space was about two weeks. Questions had been raised by the Russian space agency about the choice of Shepherd as mission commander due to his lack of experience.〔 Flight engineer Sergei Krikalev had spent over a year in orbit, mostly on ''Mir'', and would become the first person to visit the ISS twice. He had felt excitement to have been one of the first people to enter to Zarya module (the first component of the space station) in 1998, during STS-88, and was looking forward to returning.〔 Yuri Gidzenko was designated commander and pilot of the two-day Soyuz mission to the station, had one previous spaceflight, which was a 180-day stay aboard ''Mir''.〔 Shepherd was only the second U.S. astronaut to be launched in a Russian spacecraft, the first being Norman Thagard, who launched on Soyuz TM-21 to visit ''Mir'' in 1995.〔 Shepherd expected one of the biggest challenges for the ISS would be the compatibility of technologies, such as that between Russian and U.S. technologies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Preflight Interview: Bill Shepherd )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Expedition 1」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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